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Hydrogen production costs remain the key constraint on scaling renewable hydrogen, with electricity prices, utilisation rates and system efficiency outweighing technology choice alone. The analysis shows that cost reductions will depend more on access to low-cost power and high operating hours than incremental electrolyser improvements. Hydrogen production costs are shaped primarily by electricity prices, electrolyser utilisation and capital intensity rather […]
Egypt’s green hydrogen policy is being shaped primarily around exports to Europe, with regulatory incentives and infrastructure planning designed to meet EU certification and offtake requirements. While this strategy may attract foreign investment and hard currency in the short term, it risks delaying domestic decarbonisation and increasing pressure on land, water and power systems. Egypt has moved quickly to position […]
Hydrogen aviation has the potential to play a meaningful role in decarbonising European short-haul air travel, alongside sustainable aviation fuels and efficiency gains. Modelling of airline behaviour suggests that introducing hydrogen aircraft from the mid-2030s could deliver deeper emissions reductions while recovering some passenger growth constrained by higher SAF costs. Targeted hydrogen aviation deployment at a limited number of equipped […]
The EU hydrogen backbone is moving from concept to coordinated planning under the European Commission’s new European Grids Package. The package formally embeds hydrogen networks into EU-wide infrastructure planning and identifies priority hydrogen corridors as strategic “energy highways” for cross-border integration. Europe’s hydrogen buildout is shifting into delivery mode as the EU hydrogen backbone gets a clearer planning framework. The […]
European hydrogen markets remain dominated by refining and ammonia, with only modest growth in e-fuels, methanol and emerging applications. Despite policy momentum, overall demand has been broadly stable since 2020, highlighting the slow pace of structural change in Europe’s hydrogen economy. The report provides an overview of recent trends in European hydrogen markets, showing that overall consumption remains largely flat, […]
Drop-in fuels offer the fastest route to decarbonizing transport and industry because they can be used in today’s engines and infrastructure. This report assesses how hydrogen e-fuels—synthetic kerosene, e-diesel, e-methanol and other H2-based hydrocarbons—can scale and what limits their deployment. The study examines the role of drop-in fuels in accelerating decarbonization across aviation, shipping, and heavy transport. It details the […]
The report examines Algeria’s green hydrogen strategy and shows how the country’s strong reliance on natural gas, entrenched subsidies and limited renewable deployment constrain the development of green hydrogen. While blue hydrogen is prioritised as a bridge to export markets, green hydrogen remains confined to pilot projects due to high costs, low renewable capacity and water scarcity. The study highlights […]
China’s green hydrogen development is accelerating through massive electrolyser manufacturing capacity and province-led demonstration projects, positioning the country at the centre of the China green hydrogen landscape. But China’s rollout remains uneven, with fragmented provincial strategies, limited domestic demand and major transport and storage constraints shaping how far the country can lead globally. The report shows how provinces such as […]
Hydrogen networks in Europe will need common quality rules to keep cross-border flows efficient and safe. This study maps purity levels, contaminants and infrastructure bottlenecks, and weighs 98 %, 99.5 % and 99.97 % hydrogen specifications against costs and end-user needs. This European Commission-commissioned study provides the technical backbone for future hydrogen networks by analysing how production routes, pipelines, storage […]