The European Hydrogen Backbone for 2040 as proposed in this report requires an estimated total investment of €80-143 billion. This investment cost estimate, which is relatively limited in the overall context of the European energy transition, includes subsea pipelines and interconnectors linking countries to offshore energy hubs and potential export regions. Transporting hydrogen over 1,000 km along the proposed onshore backbone would on average cost €0.11-0.21 per kg of hydrogen, making the EHB the most cost-effective option for large-scale, long-distance hydrogen transport. In case hydrogen is transported exclusively via subsea pipelines, the cost would be €0.17-0.32 per kg of hydrogen […]
